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Preface  of  the  author  to  a  scientific  article.
Additions to the discovery of the constant inverse of the speed of light and the refutation of the postulates and Einstein's law are published in journal «Аспирант и соискатель» № 1 for 2019 year. Publisher «Спутник+», city Moscow. Certificate of State Registration PI № 77-39976 ISSN 1608-9014.
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Additions to the refutation of the law of the world and the constant of gravity published in the journal «Актуальные проблемы современной науки» № 2 for 2019 year. Publisher «Спутник+», city Moscow. Certificate of State Registration PI № 77-39976 ISSN 1608-9014.
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The discovery of the mechanism of formation of gravitational forces, cosmic opposition forces and forces of cosmic interaction, which are published in journal «Аспирант и соискатель» № 1 for 2019 year. Publisher «Спутник+», city Moscow. Certificate of State Registration PI № 77-39976 ISSN 1608-9014.
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The force of gravitational gravity between two material bodies located in the space of the solar system was discovered, which was published in the scientific and practical journal «Высшая школа» № 12 for 2018 year. Publisher «Инфинити» City Ufa. Certificate of State Registration PI № ФС 77-38591 ISSN 2409-1677.
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A new reverse speed constant has been opened, which is taken from the description of the application for invention. № 2012142735 for 09 October 2012 years and in a popular form set out in the scientific and analytical journal «Научный обозреватель» № 1 for 2013 year. Publisher «Инфинити» City Ufa. Certificate of State Registration PI № ФС 77-38591 ISSN 2306-9147.
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Evidence of the existence of a planetary model of the structure of the atom is based on the new laws of the formation of planets and galaxies of our Universe, which are taken from the description of the application for invention № 2005129781 for 28 September 2005 years and popularly set out in «Журнале научных и прикладных исследований» № 11 for 2015 year. City Ufa. Certificate of State Registration PI № ФС 77-38591 ISSN 2306-9147.
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The refutation of the nuclear model of the structure of the atom is open, which is based on the new laws of the formation of planets and galaxies of our Universe, which are taken from the description of the application for invention № 2005129781 for 28 September 2005 years and popularly set out in «Журнале научных и прикладных исследований» № 11 for 2015 year. City Ufa. Certificate of State Registration PI № ФС 77-38591 ISSN 2306-9147.

UDC 53.02

New views on the model of the internal structure and structure of the atom.

Force of interaction between electrons of a nuclear-free atom.
Annotation. The article is devoted to new views on the model of the internal structure and structure of the atom based on the discovery of the mechanism of rotation of the planets of the solar system around the Sun, the discovery of the mechanism of rotation of the planet Earth and the formation around it of the acceleration of free fall of bodies in space. The discovery of the mechanism of rotation of the Sun and the formation of a magnetic field around it and the acceleration of the free fall of bodies in space. The discovery of the law that determines the distance to the planets of the solar system, as well as their mass and the acceleration of free fall of bodies in space. Discovery of the constant of the substance of the outer space of the solar system. The discovery of mathematical evidence for the existence of "cosmic ether" or the substance of outer space. Moreover, all the new laws of physics and mechanisms are confirmed and time-tested used in modern science.
Mankind has been trying for many centuries to understand how our world works. In the beginning, all the knowledge acquired by man formed the ancient science of astronomy. With the development of knowledge, humanity began to learn what our inner world consists of, forming the natural and physical sciences. The science of cosmic bodies and the knowledge of our microworld has gathered many founders and followers of this knowledge. It is very difficult to note all the scientists who were previously and are currently dealing with these problems occurring in the space of the Solar System of our Universe, so we will highlight some of the works of scientists that relate to this scientific article.
At present, it is very difficult to put forward any scientific hypothesis or enter into a dialogue with the scientific community on any complex problem that contradicts the statements of great and recognized scientists so that these contradictions do not spoil their reputation. However, any scientist can be wrong and over time his scientific hypothesis may come into conflict with the opinion of other scientists, which is sometimes not taken into account by the scientific community, where many scientific journals do not even publish new scientific assumptions or hypotheses if they are not based on the special theory of relativity.
As is known from open sources of information, back in November 1940, an agreement was concluded (known as the “Munich Conversation on Religion”) between representatives of “German physics” (Rudolf Tomasek, Alfons Buhl, Ludwig Wesch and Wilhelm Müller) and representatives of modern physics (Karl Ramsauer, Georg Joss, Hans Kopfermann and Karl Friedrich von Weizsäcker). At the same time, representatives of "German physics" had to recognize the irrefutable facts of modern physics and stop attacks on representatives of modern science.
The written agreement between the parties fixed the following points:
1. theoretical physics is an integral part of physics;
2. special relativity is an integral part of physics, but requires further verification;
3. four-dimensional representation of natural processes is a mathematical abstraction and is not a model of space-time;
4. quantum mechanics is the only way to describe atomic processes, however, a deeper understanding of the effects behind the formalism is required.
However, in this world everything flows and changes. Many scientific discoveries that have taken place at the present time require the correction of old worldviews on the physical phenomena of this material world.
For example, in each book you can see the mathematical formula for the energy of material bodies located in outer space. This formula was proposed by Albert Einstein, who published it in 1905. Einstein's most famous equation went like this:
energy
where:
Е – total energy of the material body,
m – relative mass, kg
с – speed of light in vacuum, m/s.
However, it becomes interesting what physical quantities the established and not all confirmed speed of light in vacuum consists of, on which everyone relies with such accuracy = 299792458 m/s. This statement discredits the science of metrology about measurements, methods and means of ensuring their unity and ways to achieve the required accuracy. The statement about a given speed of light must be fully supported by the name of the laboratory that has a reference sample of this distance, confirming the accuracy of this measurement.
Moreover, it is necessary to clarify in what dimensional units the distance between objects was measured in 1905: a cubit, a span, a finger, a vershok, a verst, a fly fathom, an oblique fathom, an arshin, an inch, a foot, a yard, or how the Romans measured long distances in passes, because kilometers, meters and miles were approved in the scientific community much later.
The International System of Units (SI) was adopted at the XI General Conference on Weights and Measures (GCVM) only in 1960 and is based on seven basic units (meter, kilogram, second, ampere, kelvin, mole, candela) and two additional units - radian and steradian.
In this case, the mass and the artificially created value of the speed of light do not reflect the phenomenon of this material world and are false, where, according to the International System of Units, this formula expresses work, not energy.
Moreover, Albert Einstein did not single out the main differences between work and energy, as well as between the weight of a body and its mass. Therefore, the mathematical formula for the energy of outer space by Albert Einstein can be taken critically, since it does not express the basic physical quantities that are in outer space. Another thing is strange, but based on his theory in the same 1905, Albert Einstein discovered the law of the relationship between mass and energy, his law shows that mass is a measure of the energy contained in bodies. This Einstein relation underlies the calculation of the energy balance of nuclear reactions, the basis of all nuclear physics. Now it became clear to us that the same amount of energy is contained in one mass of a brick equal to the mass of oil, but such awkward questions could be asked to other luminaries of science, but they were not so categorical.
At the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th centuries, many new scientific discoveries occurred, which forced to reconsider a number of basic provisions of Newton's classical physics, who was far ahead of several generations of his followers in his scientific insights, and established a new view of this world. One of the opponents of the theory of relativity and changes in the direction in the study of physics was the winner of the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1905, for research work on cathode rays, Philipp Eduard Anton von Lenard, a German experimental physicist, author of many works in the field of solid state physics and atomic physics. In 1936, Lenard's textbook German Physics in Four Volumes was published. He described only areas of classical physics and did not deal with either quantum mechanics or the theory of relativity. The discoveries of modern physics were explained using the theory of the ether and the atomic model of Johann Stark.
It should also be noted that Lenard, based on the measurement of the absorption of cathode rays, developed in 1903 his dynamid model of the atom, according to which the atom was, in general terms, "empty", and in this atom there were identical neutral particles "dynamides" of small volume, consisting from an electron and a positively charged particle tightly bound to it. With this model, Lenard for the first time refuted the then dominant idea of the atom as a massive homogeneous object. Leonard's model was the forerunner of Rutherford's 1910 and 1911 planetary model of the atom, which he developed from his experiments on alpha particle scattering.
It must be emphasized that an atom cannot be empty, where there are identical neutral particles "dynamides" of small volume, consisting of electrons and positively charged particles strongly connected with them, which are in the substance of a material body having a different number and different power, which can be proved by specific examples based on the laws of physics.
engineer William Thomson, who suggested that the atom is a bunch of positively charged matter, inside which electrons are evenly distributed. A similar model was proposed in 1904 by the Japanese physicist Hantaro Nagaoka. A detailed model of the structure of the atom was developed by the English physicist Joseph John Thomson, who believed that the electrons inside a positively charged ball are located in the same plane and form concentric rings and proposed a method for determining the number of electrons in an atom, based on the scattering of X-rays, based on the assumption that electrons should be scattering centers. Experiments have shown that the number of electrons in the atoms of elements is approximately half the size of the atomic mass. Joseph John Thomson suggested that the number of electrons in an atom continuously increases when moving from element to element, for the first time he tried to connect the structure of atoms with the periodicity of the properties of elements.

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Complete list of scientific publications.

List of the most relevant scientific discoveries.

Opening new constants:
Discovery of new physical quantities:
Refutation of old laws of physics:
Discovery of new physical phenomena of the material world:
Outer space is a thermodynamic self-regulating energy system, which in the process of its work creates not only the substance of outer space, which has its own composition, its mass and density, but also the acceleration of free fall of bodies in space around all the stars, galaxies and constellations of our Universe. The substance of outer space and the acceleration of free fall of bodies in space closely interact with the forces of gravity and energy between active and passive material bodies. After the discovery of the constant inverse speed of light, the constant of the substance of outer space, the constant of internal stresses of the substance of outer space, a new physical quantity that determines the substance of outer space and a new physical quantity that determines the acceleration of free fall of bodies in the space of the Solar System, the mechanism of rotation of the planets and galaxies of our Universe along the elliptical orbit. The mechanism of the emergence of forces that rotate the planets and galaxies of our Universe in an elliptical orbit occurs in cosmic substance and depends on the degree of activity of material bodies, their density, volume, the acceleration of free fall of bodies in space, gravitational forces and energy between active or passive material bodies. When the position of one material body located in the space of the solar system changes in relation to another material body, not only the gravitational force of this material body will change, but also its energy. New constants, new physical quantities and new laws give us the opportunity to gain a deeper understanding of the mechanism of rotation of the planets and galaxies of our Universe in an elliptical orbit.
New laws of gravitational gravitation:
The basic laws that create the movement of material bodies in an elliptical orbit.
Comments on the scientific discoveries of Belashov:
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See the description of the new laws of formation of the planets of the solar system and galaxies in our universe in the description of the application for an invention  № 2005129781 dated September 28, 2005.
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See the description of the mechanisms of formation of the planets of the solar system and galaxies of our Universe in the description of the application for an invention  № 2005140396 of December 26, 2005.
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